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Working Hours in South Africa: Limits, Breaks and What Counts as Overtime

Updated 12 August 2026·5 min read

Almost every overtime dispute is really an argument about where ordinary hours ended. Settle that and the money follows; leave it vague and you will be reconstructing six months of half-remembered evenings.

Ordinary hours

The ceiling is 45 hours a week. Within that:

That is the ordinary-time limit, not a target. If they are contracted for 40 hours, 40 is their normal week and the 45 is simply the point beyond which no arrangement can go without becoming overtime.

Overtime, and the cap that differs

Overtime is only by agreement. There is no instruction that creates an obligation to work it.

The weekly cap is one of the places where household and business answers part company, so be careful which one you are reading:

If you employ someone in your home, the SD7 figure is yours. If you employ someone in a business, the BCEA figure is. Quoting one number for both is a common error, and this article is one of the few places you will see them separated.

Overtime is paid at one and a half times their normal wage. By agreement, they may take paid time off instead.

Sunday work

Sunday has its own rate, separate from overtime:

Do not stack a Sunday rate on top of an overtime rate for the same hours by default. They are different premiums for different facts, and hours can be both only if they have genuinely also exceeded their ordinary weekly hours.

Public holidays are different again, and we cover those in public holiday pay.

Breaks and rest

These exist, they are compulsory, and virtually nobody records them.

The meal interval one matters for pay. A live-in worker who eats lunch on the premises because they have nowhere else to go, and who is expected to answer the door while they do, is not on an unpaid break. They are working, and that hour is paid.

The hourly rate you are probably calculating wrong

To price overtime you need their normal hourly rate, and there is one correct route from a monthly salary. Section 35(4) of the BCEA:

On R6,500 a month, five days, 45 hours:

The wrong method, and it is the intuitive one, is to divide the monthly salary by the number of working days in that particular calendar month. It produces a different daily rate in February than in March for identical work, and it will disagree with the rate used elsewhere on the same payslip. One salary must produce one daily rate all year.

You can check any of this against our free overtime calculator, and overtime pay goes through the rates in more detail.

Against the minimum wage

The national minimum wage is R30.23 an hour from 1 March 2026, and domestic workers are on the full rate.

That is an hourly floor, which means a monthly salary has to be tested against the hours actually worked. R6,500 for 45 hours a week works out at R33.34 an hour, comfortably above. The same R6,500 for 60 hours a week is R25.00 an hour, which is below the minimum and unlawful, even though the monthly figure looks generous.

This is exactly why hours have to be recorded rather than assumed. A salary is only compliant relative to the hours behind it, and "they work whatever hours are needed" is not a number you can defend. See the minimum wage for the full picture.

What to record

Start time, finish time, and the meal break. That is it, and it answers every question above: ordinary hours, overtime, Sunday premiums, the hourly rate test against the minimum wage.

Without it you are negotiating from memory against someone whose memory is just as good as yours and whose interest points the other way.

WageDesk can track hours as they happen, with the employee logging their own start and finish, the employer approving them, and the approved hours feeding straight into the payslip at the rate their contract implies. The point is not the tracking. It is that the number on the payslip has a record behind it.

This article explains the law in general terms and is not legal advice.

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Frequently asked questions

What is the maximum number of working hours per week in South Africa?

45 ordinary hours a week, made up of nine hours a day if the employee works five days a week or fewer, or eight hours a day if they work more than five days a week. Overtime sits on top of that and is only by agreement.

How much overtime can an employee work in a week?

It depends which regime applies. The BCEA caps overtime at 10 hours a week for employees generally. Sectoral Determination 7 clause 10 allows a domestic worker up to 15 hours a week, with a limit of 12 hours on any day including overtime. Quoting one figure for both is a common mistake.

How do I calculate an hourly rate from a monthly salary?

Use BCEA section 35(4): divide the monthly salary by 4.333 to get a week, then divide by the hours worked per week to get an hour. R6,500 a month at 45 hours a week is R1,500.12 a week and R33.34 an hour, so overtime at one and a half times is R50.01 an hour.

Is the lunch break paid?

Normally no. The meal interval is one continuous hour after five hours of work, reducible to 30 minutes by written agreement, and it is unpaid. It becomes paid if the employee is required to remain at the workplace or to be available for work during it, which is often the reality for live-in staff.

What must I pay for Sunday work?

Double the normal wage if they do not ordinarily work Sundays, and one and a half times if they do. Sunday pay is a separate premium from overtime, so do not automatically stack both on the same hours unless they have genuinely also exceeded their ordinary weekly hours.

Can a monthly salary breach the minimum wage?

Yes, because the national minimum wage of R30.23 an hour is an hourly floor. R6,500 a month for 45 hours a week is R33.34 an hour and compliant, but the same R6,500 for 60 hours a week is R25.00 an hour and unlawful. The salary is only compliant relative to the hours actually worked.

WageDesk is a payroll and HR tool, not a legal, tax or HR advisor, and this article is not legal advice. It is general information on South African employment law to help you understand your obligations. Rates and thresholds change, and every situation is different — verify the current figures and get professional advice for your own case. Official starting points: the Department of Employment and Labour, SARS and the CCMA.